Global air conditioner boom threatens climate and energy grids by 2050

The number of air conditioners worldwide is expected to triple by 2050. These devices already play a major role in energy use and health outcomes. Their impact on the environment and human well-being remains significant. Artificial cooling currently consumes 7% of global electricity. It also accounts for 3% of worldwide greenhouse gas emissions. Many of these emissions come from refrigerants leaking from improperly disposed units.

Despite the environmental cost, air conditioning saved nearly 200,000 lives in 2019. A study in The Lancet linked its use to fewer heat-related deaths. Researchers are now exploring alternatives to reduce the harm.

One potential solution is solid-state cooling. This emerging technology could offer a more sustainable way to manage temperatures without traditional refrigerants. The demand for air conditioning will continue to grow. This will increase electricity use and emissions unless new solutions are adopted. Solid-state cooling and better disposal methods may help limit the environmental impact.