Revolutionary Wireless Microsystem Unlocks Real-Time Brain Monitoring Secrets

Researchers from the Aerospace Information Research Institute have created a new wireless microsystem for brain monitoring. The device combines electrical and chemical tracking to study brain activity in real time. It aims to reveal how neural circuits work and how drugs affect the brain. The microsystem features 32 independent electrophysiological channels. It also includes dopamine-sensitive electrochemical pathways, all within a compact design. This allows it to monitor electrical firing patterns and dopamine levels at the same time.

The device uses a dual-controller setup with an FPGA and an ESP32 microcontroller. This ensures synchronised data collection and wireless transmission. A hybrid acquisition system pairs a specialised electrophysiological chip with an AD5941 electrochemical front end for precise measurements.

To improve performance, the system incorporates platinum nanoparticles and PEDOT:PSS for better conductivity and stability. It also uses reduced graphene oxide and Nafion to boost sensitivity and selectivity against common interferents. Testing in the lab confirmed its accuracy over distances up to 25 metres.

In live tests with rats, the microsystem successfully captured detailed neural and chemical responses during sedation. It recorded both electrical activity and dopamine changes, demonstrating its ability to track complex brain processes. The new microsystem offers real-time monitoring of brain electrical and chemical activity. It has been validated in controlled and live settings, proving its reliability for neurological research. The technology could help scientists better understand brain function and the effects of pharmaceuticals.