Kazakhstan's saiga antelope makes historic comeback after near extinction

Kazakhstan’s saiga antelope population has rebounded to over 4.6 million animals. This remarkable recovery follows years of conservation efforts after numbers had dropped below 25,000 in the early 2000s. The species, known for its unusual bulbous nose, is vital to the steppe ecosystem. Decades ago, the saiga faced near extinction due to poaching and habitat loss. By the early 2000s, its population in Kazakhstan had plummeted to fewer than 25,000. Conservation groups then introduced stricter anti-poaching laws, expanded protected areas, and launched international projects.

A recent nationwide census recorded significant growth across key regions. The Ural population reached approximately 2.7 million, while the Betpak-Dala herd grew to around 1.87 million. The Ustyurt population was estimated at about 119,000. These efforts, including the Altyn Dala Conservation Initiative, earned the 2024 Earthshot Prize for their success in reviving the species.

However, the rapid increase has brought new difficulties. Large herds now damage crops and compete with livestock for pastureland. The saiga’s recovery marks a major success for wildlife conservation in Kazakhstan. With populations now exceeding 4.6 million, the species faces fresh challenges tied to its growing numbers. Conservationists continue to monitor the situation closely.