Hubble's final countdown: Will SpaceX or a new telescope save its legacy?

The Hubble Space Telescope, in operation since 1990, is slowly approaching the end of its life. Scientists now predict it could re-enter Earth's atmosphere as early as 2029, though some estimates suggest it may continue sending images until 2040. Meanwhile, a new observatory system, backed by former Google CEO Eric Schmidt, is being developed as a possible successor.

Hubble's orbit has been steadily decaying since its launch. Originally placed at 600 kilometers above Earth, it now circles at 490 kilometers. Increased solar activity is speeding up its descent, and if it drops below 400 kilometers, re-entry could occur within a year.

A 2024 proposal to raise Hubble's orbit using a SpaceX-funded Polaris mission was considered but met with scepticism from NASA. In the past, the telescope's orbit was boosted three times by Space Shuttles, but those spacecraft are no longer in service.

As Hubble's future remains uncertain, Eric Schmidt and his wife are funding the Schmidt Observatory System, including the Lazuli space telescope. This new system is expected to be fully operational by late 2029, potentially filling the gap left by Hubble's eventual retirement.

Hubble's legacy spans over three decades of groundbreaking discoveries and iconic images. Its final years will depend on orbital decay and solar conditions. If successful, the Schmidt Observatory System could continue its work, ensuring astronomers retain a powerful tool for exploring the universe.