New Black Hole Models Defy Singularities with Wormhole-Like Cores

Researchers are exploring new black hole models that avoid the crushing singularities predicted by traditional physics. These so-called regular black holes replace the central singularity with a smoother, traversable structure—sometimes resembling a wormhole. Recent studies have now uncovered how these objects behave under extreme conditions, revealing unexpected stability and phase transitions. The latest work focuses on the Simpson-Visser spacetime, a theoretical framework that eliminates singularities by modifying the geometry at a black hole’s core. Calculations show that all curvature measures remain finite here, confirming the absence of infinite density. To sustain this structure, exotic matter—with unusual energy properties—must be introduced.

Thermodynamic analysis reveals that regular black holes undergo a second-order phase transition. A sudden jump in heat capacity marks this shift, tied to a critical point controlled by a regularisation parameter. This parameter also dictates whether the geometry behaves more like a traditional black hole or a wormhole-like passage.

As the black hole evaporates, it settles into a stable, non-singular state with finite entropy. Quantum corrections, derived using the Hamilton-Jacobi tunnelling method, show this entropy depends on the quantum gravity scale. When regularisation reaches zero, the system finds a stable equilibrium, resolving long-standing instabilities in black hole thermodynamics. The findings suggest that singularity-free black holes could exist under specific conditions, provided exotic matter supports their structure. Their thermodynamic behaviour—including phase transitions and stable end states—offers new insights into how quantum effects might reshape our understanding of these extreme objects. Further work will determine whether such models can be linked to observable astrophysical phenomena.