Russia's Sun-THz Device to Boost Space Weather Forecasts by 2026

Russia is preparing to launch a new solar monitoring device to the International Space Station (ISS) in spring 2026. Named 'Sun-THz', the instrument will study solar flares and help improve space weather predictions. Weighing 47 kg, it will track solar radiation with high precision.

The Sun-THz device will be mounted on a rotating platform to follow the sun automatically. This setup ensures accurate measurements even when faced with interference from space conditions. Equipped with eight detectors, it covers a wide frequency range to capture detailed solar data.

Its main tasks include recording solar radiation, refining models of flare dynamics, and analysing particle acceleration. By studying these processes, scientists aim to better understand how solar flares develop and how they affect space weather. Over time, this research could lead to more reliable daily forecasts.

Russia has a history of solar monitoring on the ISS, with instruments like the SOKOL X-ray spectrometer and TESIS corona telescope operating between 2008 and 2011. Internationally, agencies such as NASA, ESA, and JAXA have also contributed similar tools. NASA's Solar Dynamic Observatory and MISSE experiments, ESA's SOLACES spectrometer, and JAXA's IMAP plasma monitors have all played roles in space weather research.

However, for continuous, real-time forecasting, a long-term experiment on a dedicated spacecraft will eventually be required.

The Sun-THz device will join existing solar research efforts when installed in 2026. Its data on solar flares and radiation patterns will support improved space weather models. While useful, future advancements may still depend on more specialised missions beyond the ISS.