Scientists craft biodegradable plastics from crab shells and cellulose to fight pollution

Every year, millions of tons of plastic waste flood the planet’s waters and enter our bodies. Studies show that each person absorbs enough microplastics annually to fill a credit card. Now, a research team at the University of Maryland is working on a solution by developing biodegradable alternatives to traditional plastics. Dr. Po-Yen Chen’s lab at UMD is creating eco-friendly materials using natural ingredients. Their bioplastics are made from cellulose, gelatin, and even crab shells. The team aims to cut down on the 19 to 23 million tons of plastic that pollute global waters each year.

To speed up development, the lab uses AI, machine learning, and robotics. These tools reduce material testing time from months or years to just hours. The process is already showing results—one of their products is nearing mass production, with industrial partners lined up. The goal is clear: replace harmful plastics with green materials. By doing so, the lab hopes to lower both environmental damage and health risks linked to plastic pollution.

The lab’s technology could soon bring biodegradable plastics to the market. Faster production and natural ingredients may help reduce the billions of tons of waste harming ecosystems. If successful, this approach could change how industries handle plastic in the future.